Shigatse, Tibet’s second-largest city, is a place where ancient traditions and stunning landscapes come together to offer travelers a glimpse into the heart of Tibetan culture. Located at an altitude of 3,800 meters (12,500 feet), Shigatse is not only a gateway to the region’s spiritual and historical treasures but also a key stop on the way to Mount Everest. Whether you’re a pilgrim, an adventurer, or a cultural enthusiast, traveling to Shigatse is a journey that promises both challenge and reward. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know to plan your trip to Shigatse, including travel routes, acclimatization tips, and what to explore in this fascinating city.
Understanding Shigatse’s Significance
Before diving into the logistics, it’s important to understand what makes Shigatse a must-visit destination. Shigatse, known locally as Xigazê, is the traditional seat of the Panchen Lama, the second most important spiritual leader in Tibetan Buddhism . The city is home to Tashilhunpo Monastery, one of the six great Gelugpa monasteries, and serves as a vibrant hub of Tibetan culture and religion. In addition to its spiritual significance, Shigatse is surrounded by stunning landscapes, from the fertile plains of the Yarlung Tsangpo River to the snow-capped peaks of the Himalayas.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Shigatse is during the spring (April to June) and autumn (September to October) when the weather is mild and the skies are clear. During these months, daytime temperatures range from 10°C to 20°C (50°F to 68°F), making it ideal for sightseeing and exploring the city’s surroundings. The summer months (July to August) bring the monsoon season, with frequent rain showers that can make travel difficult. Winter (November to March) is cold, with temperatures often dropping below freezing, but it also offers a more serene experience with fewer tourists.
Getting to Shigatse
Traveling to Shigatse typically involves first getting to Lhasa, the capital of Tibet. From Lhasa, you can either take a scenic drive or a short train journey to Shigatse. Here’s how you can plan your route:
1. Via Lhasa:
Lhasa is the main gateway to Tibet and is well-connected to major cities in China, such as Beijing, Chengdu, and Xi’an. Once in Lhasa, you’ll need to spend a few days acclimatizing to the high altitude before making your way to Shigatse.
• By Road: The overland journey from Lhasa to Shigatse covers a distance of approximately 270 kilometers (168 miles) and takes about 5-6 hours. The drive offers breathtaking views of the Tibetan plateau, with stops at scenic spots like the Yamdrok-Tso Lake and the Karo La Glacier. This route is ideal for those who want to experience the stunning landscapes of Tibet up close.
• By Train: For a quicker option, you can take the train from Lhasa to Shigatse, a journey that takes about 3 hours. The train ride is smooth and offers panoramic views of the mountains and rivers along the way. The Lhasa-Shigatse Railway is part of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the highest railway in the world, making this journey a unique experience in itself.
2. Via Overland from Kathmandu, Nepal:
For travelers coming from Nepal, it’s possible to reach Shigatse by road via the Gyirong Port. This route involves crossing the Sino-Nepal border and driving through the dramatic landscapes of the Tibetan plateau. However, this journey is longer and requires special permits and arrangements, which must be made through a registered travel agency.
Acclimatization and Health Considerations
Shigatse, like much of Tibet, is at a high altitude, so acclimatization is crucial to avoid altitude sickness. The symptoms of altitude sickness can range from headaches and nausea to more severe conditions, so it’s important to take precautions:
• Acclimatize in Lhasa: Spend at least 2-3 days in Lhasa to acclimatize before heading to Shigatse. During this time, avoid strenuous activities and drink plenty of water.
• Ascend Gradually: If you’re traveling by road, the gradual ascent from Lhasa to Shigatse helps your body adjust to the altitude. If you’re taking the train, be aware that the sudden change in altitude might affect you more quickly.
• Stay Hydrated: Dehydration can worsen altitude sickness, so drink plenty of fluids. Avoid alcohol and caffeine, which can lead to dehydration.
• Consider Medication: Some travelers use medications like acetazolamide (Diamox) to help prevent altitude sickness. Consult your doctor before your trip to see if this is right for you.
Required Permits and Regulations
Traveling to Shigatse requires several permits, as Tibet is a restricted region with specific entry requirements:
• Tibet Travel Permit: This is the primary permit required for entry into Tibet. It’s issued by the Tibet Tourism Bureau and can only be obtained through a licensed travel agency.
• Alien Travel Permit: This permit is required for travel outside of Lhasa, including Shigatse. Your travel agency will arrange this for you.
• Military Permit: If you plan to visit restricted areas near the border, such as Mount Everest Base Camp, you’ll need a military permit. Your travel agency will also handle this.
Exploring Shigatse
Shigatse offers a blend of spiritual, cultural, and natural attractions that make it a fascinating destination. Here are some of the top sights to explore in and around Shigatse:
1. Tashilhunpo Monastery:
Founded in 1447 by the first Dalai Lama, Tashilhunpo Monastery is the most important religious site in Shigatse. It serves as the traditional seat of the Panchen Lama and is one of the six great monasteries of the Gelugpa (Yellow Hat) sect of Tibetan Buddhism. The monastery is a vast complex of temples, stupas, and prayer halls, housing thousands of monks. Visitors can explore the various chapels, see the giant statue of Maitreya Buddha, and experience the tranquil atmosphere of this sacred site.
2. Shigatse Dzong:
Shigatse Dzong, also known as the Shigatse Fort, is an ancient fortress that overlooks the city. Although much of the original structure was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution, it has since been reconstructed and offers panoramic views of Shigatse and the surrounding landscape. The fort is a reminder of Shigatse’s historical significance as a political and military center.
3. Rongbuk Monastery:
Located about 340 kilometers (211 miles) from Shigatse, Rongbuk Monastery is the highest monastery in the world, situated at an altitude of 4,980 meters (16,340 feet). It offers stunning views of Mount Everest’s North Face and serves as the starting point for the trek to Everest Base Camp. Although it’s a bit of a journey from Shigatse, visiting Rongbuk is a must for those interested in Tibetan Buddhism and the majesty of the Himalayas.
4. The Tibetan Plateau:
Shigatse is surrounded by the vast and beautiful Tibetan Plateau, which offers endless opportunities for outdoor exploration. The region is dotted with high-altitude lakes, snow-capped peaks, and nomadic communities. For those interested in trekking, Shigatse is a great base for exploring the surrounding mountains and valleys.
5. Gyantse and the Kumbum Stupa:
A short drive from Shigatse is the town of Gyantse, home to the famous Kumbum Stupa (also known as the Gyantse Kumbum). This unique structure is a nine-tiered stupa adorned with thousands of murals and statues, representing the stages of Buddhist enlightenment. The Kumbum Stupa is part of the larger Pelkor Chode Monastery, which is also worth exploring for its rich history and architecture.
Practical Tips for Your Trip to Shigatse
1. Language: Tibetan and Mandarin are the primary languages spoken in Shigatse. English is not widely understood, so it’s helpful to learn a few basic phrases in Tibetan or Mandarin. Hiring a local guide can also enhance your experience, providing deeper insights into the culture and history.
2. Currency: The official currency in Tibet is the Chinese Yuan (CNY). Shigatse has several ATMs, but it’s advisable to carry some cash, especially if you plan to visit remote areas where card payments are not accepted.
3. Packing Essentials: Pack warm clothing, even if you’re visiting in the summer, as temperatures can drop significantly at night. A good quality sleeping bag, sunscreen, sunglasses, and lip balm are also essential. If you’re visiting monasteries, dress modestly and bring a scarf or shawl to cover your shoulders.
4. Local Etiquette: Tibetans are deeply religious, and it’s important to respect local customs. Always walk clockwise around religious sites, avoid touching religious objects, and ask for permission before taking photos of people or sacred places.
5. Health and Safety: Shigatse is a safe destination, but it’s important to be mindful of altitude sickness. Take it easy during your first few days, stay hydrated, and seek medical help if you experience severe symptoms of altitude sickness.
Conclusion
Traveling to Shigatse offers a unique opportunity to experience the spiritual and cultural heart of Tibet. From the awe-inspiring Tashilhunpo Monastery to the dramatic landscapes of the Tibetan Plateau, Shigatse is a destination that leaves a lasting impression. Whether you’re exploring ancient monasteries, trekking through the mountains, or simply soaking in the serene atmosphere, your journey to Shigatse will be a memorable adventure filled with discovery and wonder.